You are correct. I don't know what evidence we have of super sized stars, but beyond a certainly limit, stars can burn through their fuel faster than it can condense.
peoplebeproblems
joined 1 week ago
The other two have corrected you on the lifespan of red dwars.
However, it's actually pretty neat to understand why small stars have exceptionally long lifespans, and big ones are very short: it's because of the limitations of quantum tunneling and nuclear fusion, vs mass.
In order for a star to generate any light, it needs a shit ton of energy. The only way to get this epic shit ton of energy is nuclear fusion. Because of physics, massive particles are attracted to eachother because of gravity. Heavier masses attract more particles. As the particles start piling up on top of eachother, they generate heat because they are also being repelled by other forces (namely electromagnetism). Heat is really a particles kinetic energy - the amount of energy of its movement.
At a certain point, hydrogen fuses to Helium, helium fuses, then heavier elements like carbon, oxygen and nitrogen, all the way up to Iron.
Each time a specific fuel runs out, there is a small to large explosion as the force compressing the particles is less than the force repelling the particles. Depending on how massive the star is, this could happen very quickly, or not at all. Red dwarfs don't usually have the mass required to fuse more helium, so the fusion reaction continues forever until the gravitational forces are in equilibrium with the e&m forces. In bigger stars, the rate of fuel being consumed increases with mass, so you burn through each fuel quicker. In a star hypothetically large enough, it's possible that the mass is enormous enough for it to consume all of its fuel in short succession, and instead of even getting a black hole, the star completely blows itself apart.
Which leads to other really crazy things - like the question on supermassive black holes in the center of galaxies. How did they form if stars of a certain size would blow themselves to smitherings?
Correct!
And some people's time is inherently more valuable than others - this makes sense in a deeply twisted way. A emergency brain surgeon for example, would be exceedingly difficult to find, and even more valuable to have, let alone utilize. I think a lot of us can agree that the surgeon being able to save a life in ways almost all of us cannot is valuable.
But some people's time isn't valuable at all. Any middleman - salesman of every type, healthcare insurance, stock brokers. They have been made artificially valuable because they are significantly better at producing income for the already wealthy.
No broker, salesman, or healthcare insurance provider (or hell manager even) is going to help 95% of the country make more money.
Now, if we got compensated based on the finished product we deliver - that would make the hardest workers a lot more fucking money. But corporate America would never allow that - the employee didn't purchase the parts before assembling it, or the ingredients, or the network infrastructure, etc.
The problem, at its core, is that it all ends up tying a price to a human life. Until we can separate cash value from life, we will be stuck with this system.
It's possible to do on a small scale, but inevitably it ends up recreating itself as the community doing it grows.
That's the weird part - they have some stuff based on experiences, like dropping my kid off at school, and being in a baseball stadium. The missile landing looked similar to an artillery napalm round in Helldivers, but the wedding, the glitter bomb, the baseball stadium my parents in NYC, in a bunker? Yeah not exactly stuff I'm familiar with.
I remember another dream where I was being driven to school as a kid, and giant flying saucers descend from the sky and start firing green lasers into the ground. Or a time in hypnosis where I talked to an Eldritch entity consisting of an eyeball and tentacles that's connected to all of us that is the reason we get stress headaches because we try to pull them off (yeah).
My mind is weird
Totally feel that. Constant stress and anxiety manifesting in mine
Ooooh that paper bag idea is nifty.
We actually discovered something that worked far better than peanut butter - Reese's peanut butter cups. You break off a little piece, squish it into a ball, and place it on the bait lever. Not a single trap misfired once we switched to that.
If you have used Matlab, Or R, there is a huge range of data science that only really requires an undergrad in math. Hospitals that run their own Clinical Trials usually have a consistent need.
Really you're eligible for anything statistics related, and there is a lot out there. Some job titles to look for:
- Data Scientist
- Statistical Analyst
- Statistical Programmer
- Signal Analyst (this is usually government related)
- Data curator
They will have a joyous time with it. And you might find eviscerated mice under your couch one day. But my two dumbass fur balls just thought they were awesome toys.
Never figured out quite when they stopped coming in. The only really humane way to kill em is snap traps. I probably went through a couple dozen of them before they stopped showing up.
I was against using poisoned food traps because the last thing I wanted was my cat consuming a poisoned mouse. But, since our whole neighborhood had a problem with the mice, I wouldn't be too surprised if a neighbor did it.
With a cabinet made of billionaires?
Yeah ok what else you want us to smoke
With the exact same number of weapons and ammo. Stuff ain't cheap or easy to come by, plus they can use rocks.
As awesome as that is - remember in the movie that the romans just executed all of the survivors of the initial massacre instead.
I'm like 90% certain that the US powers that be would be fine with this, so we might want to think of something slightly better if it comes to this.
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That's a whole different discussion, which is why I left the question there.
The answer is likely no. Galaxies, unlike a good chunk of stars, are almost as old as the universe itself. The youngest observed galaxy has actually been found to have stellar signatures that give it an age of 1 billion to 10 billion years, and I suspect James Web will find more, inevitably confirming it too formed at the same time as more other galaxies.
The supermassive black holes are quite likely primordial black holes - they came into existence shortly after the big bang (and there is debate on which big bang they formed with - yes, there is a working theory that there were two the conventional big bang, and a dark matter big bang).
The problem with black hole mergers being the source of them is that space is huge. When the Milky Way Collides with Andromeda, it's very possible that no stars, let alone the supermassive black holes, interact between galaxies. They will possibly change shape but due to the gravitational interaction of the two galaxies dark matter.
A lot of theories are waiting on data from James Web. The really interesting part, is that the further back in time we look - we still see galaxies that have formed. As I mentioned earlier with the two big bang theories is that there is now some thought that the universe isn't as finite as well believe, but it is cyclical. We are aware of the heat death of the universe, where the space between individual particles is too great to sustain an interaction. We have two possible ages of the universe, shortly apart from eachother.
Current research is looking at the relationship between particle chirality, the mystery between matter and anti-matter imbalance, the distribution of dark matter, and primordial black holes to see if it can be linked together. One of the more popular theories right now is that dark matter is likely a class of weakly interacting massive particles that we know a lot of characteristics of, but need something orders of magnitude stronger than the LHC to produce it.