The issue was that they knew there were issues with the shuttle and had been warned by several engineers about launching in the cold weather they were having at the time, but NASA ignored them and sent the Challenger on its way anyways. It's been awhile so I forget the details of exactly what it was that was wrong, but I think it ~~was the metal in some screws~~ that wasn't able to deal with the differences in temperatures and the engineers said shit would go wrong if they didn't replace them and nobody listened. It was a very preventable disaster that only happened due to laziness and impatience on NASA's part.
- it was the rubber in the O-ring seals that couldn't handle the differences in temperature.
From Wikipedia:
Dunno about you, but it sounds a lot like NASA, especially Lawrence Mulloy, practically twisted Morton Thiokol's arms until one of them (Joe Kilminster) relented and signed off on the launch. Mulloy even lied by omission at the end there to get his way. I wonder how he could sleep at night after this stunt.