I'd consider a Pixel with GrapheneOS, not Linux per se, but with FDroid it's probably the best FOSS tablet experience
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Thinkpad Yoga?
I personally got a surface go 3. Put fedora on it and the surface kernel and it works pretty good - GNOME's interface honestly works better for touchscreens then windows. Just be aware that some config might be needed - I had an issue with the keyboard that required making a udev rule (I documented it on the surface kernel github issues page).
Another vote for the surface go. I'm running a go 2 with nix!
I agree but also I saw the words "vote" and "nix" and nearly had an aneurism.
If you need to keep the budget down, you could probably find an end of service 2 in 1 Chromebook and make it a chultrabook.
I don't think Linux is well supported in tablet land. I had a surface in uni and it was quite nice.
So... It's not without it's challenges and I obviously cannot speak to how long it will last (particularly the hinge seems like it might long term be an issue), but I really love my p8 mini laptop. It's a small 2 in 1 laptop that comes with a stylus, meets your price point and runs Linux pretty well. It has some quirkiness ... Like when you boot the login screen is a blank screen until you close the lid to suspend and reopen. But otherwise is fairly peppy, and the pen works great. I'm using endeavoros with plasma but have just switched to sway. The latter greatly improves battery life. My biggest complaint is the placement of Q and Tab as well as / and .
It's... Not great? Sure it's performant but that's there is going for it, the rest is really not that good for a tablet. They should have made this a gaming laptop and it would've been fine.
Zero complaints with mine. Linux daily driver, no issues at all. If OP didn't actually mean a FULL Linux experience, then that's something else, but this is the best one out there in tablet form with stylus afaik.
Kinda outside my price range. And there's probably no used devices yet.
Well anything that is linux-first WITH stylus support isn't going to be cheap.
The cheapest Linux tab I can think of is the DC-Roma II ($250), but it's RiscV and meant as a development platform. No stylus support.
Similar in features is the Juno Tab 3 ($699), but it's an n100 based tablet, and I don't think it has stylus support.
Maybe you can find a used Lenovo Tab and root it to install Linux? I know you're unlikely to do so on a Samsung.