this post was submitted on 20 Jul 2025
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I see a huge amount of confusion around terminology in discussions about Artificial Intelligence, so here’s my quick attempt to clear some of it up.

Artificial Intelligence is the broadest possible category. It includes everything from the chess opponent on the Atari to hypothetical superintelligent systems piloting spaceships in sci-fi. Both are forms of artificial intelligence - but drastically different.

That chess engine is an example of narrow AI: it may even be superhuman at chess, but it can’t do anything else. In contrast, the sci-fi systems like HAL 9000, JARVIS, Ava, Mother, Samantha, Skynet, or GERTY are imagined as generally intelligent - that is, capable of performing a wide range of cognitive tasks across domains. This is called Artificial General Intelligence (AGI).

One common misconception I keep running into is the claim that Large Language Models (LLMs) like ChatGPT are “not AI” or “not intelligent.” That’s simply false. The issue here is mostly about mismatched expectations. LLMs are not generally intelligent - but they are a form of narrow AI. They’re trained to do one thing very well: generate natural-sounding text based on patterns in language. And they do that with remarkable fluency.

What they’re not designed to do is give factual answers. That it often seems like they do is a side effect - a reflection of how much factual information was present in their training data. But fundamentally, they’re not knowledge databases - they’re statistical pattern machines trained to continue a given prompt with plausible text.

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[–] Feyd@programming.dev 29 points 1 week ago

Usually the reason we want people to stop calling LLMs AI is because there has been a giant marketing machine constructed designed to (and successfully) tricking laymen into believing that LLMs are adjacent to and one tiny breakthrough away from becoming AGI.

From another angle, your statement that AI is not a specific term is correct. Why, then, should we keep using it in common parlance when it just serves to confuse laymen? Let's just use the more specific terms.

[–] nulluser@lemmy.world 20 points 6 days ago

What they’re not designed to do is give factual answers

or mental health therapy

[–] Shanmugha@lemmy.world 20 points 6 days ago (2 children)

So... not intelligent. In the sense that when someone without enough knowledge of computers and/or LLMs hears "LLM is intelligent" and sees "an LLM tells me X", they will be likely to believe that X is true, and not without a reason. Exactly this is my main reason against all the use of intelligence-related terms. When spoken by knowledgeable people who do know the difference - yeah, I am all for that. But first we need to cut the crap of advertisement and hype

[–] Aceticon@lemmy.dbzer0.com 9 points 6 days ago* (last edited 6 days ago)

"Intelligent" is itself a highly unspecific term which covers quite a lot of different things.

What you're think is "reasoning" or "rationalizing", and LLMs can't do that at all.

However what LLMs (and most Machine Learning implementations) can do is "pattern matching" which is also an element of intelligence: it's what gives us and most animals the ability to recognize things such as food or predators without actually thinking about it (you just see, say, a cat, and you know without thinking that it's a cat even though cats don't all look the same), plus in humans it's also what's behind intuition.

PS: Way back since when they were invented over 3 decades ago, Neural Networks and other Machine Learning technologies were already very good at finding patterns in their training data - often better than humans.

The evolution of the technology has added to it the capability of creating content which follows those patterns, giving us things like LLMs or image generation.

However what has been made clear by LLMs is that using patterns alone (plus a little randomness to vary the results) in generating textual content is not enough to create useful content beyond entertainment, and that's exactly because LLMs can't rationalize. However, the original pattern matching stuff without the content generation is still widely used and very successfully so, in things from OCR to image recognition.

[–] Perspectivist@feddit.uk -5 points 6 days ago (3 children)

So… not intelligent.

But they are intelligent - just not in the way people tend to think.

There’s nothing inherently wrong with avoiding certain terminology, but I’d caution against deliberately using incorrect terms, because that only opens the door to more confusion. It might help when explaining something one-on-one in private, but in an online discussion with a broad audience, you should be precise with your choice of words. Otherwise, you end up with what looks like disagreement, when in reality it’s just people talking past each other - using the same terms but with completely different interpretations.

[–] sanguinepar@lemmy.world 9 points 6 days ago* (last edited 6 days ago) (1 children)

But they are intelligent - just not in the way people tend to think.

Doesn't that just degenerate into a debate over semantics though? Ie what is "intelligence".

Not having a go, this is a good thread, and useful I think 👍

Yes, and that has always been the debate

But the short answer is that we don't really have a good grasp at what intelligence is, so it is all semantics in the end

They ain't intelligent

[–] Shanmugha@lemmy.world 1 points 6 days ago

Great point, thank you:)

[–] Poxlox@lemmy.world 2 points 6 days ago

There's also a philosophical definition, which I think is hotly contested so depending on your school of thought your belief of is LLM AI can vary. Usually many people take issue with the thought over questions like does it have a mind, think, or have consciousness?

[–] multifariace@lemmy.world 1 points 6 days ago

The way you describe LLM sounds exactly like a large portion of humans I see.

[–] HK65@sopuli.xyz -1 points 6 days ago (1 children)

AGI itself has been made up as a marketing term by LLM companies.

Let's not forget that the official definition of AGI is that it can make 200 billion dollars.

[–] Perspectivist@feddit.uk 8 points 6 days ago* (last edited 6 days ago) (1 children)

The term AGI was first used in 1997 by Mark Avrum Gubrud in an article named ‘Nanotechnology and international security’

By advanced artificial general intelligence, I mean AI systems that rival or surpass the human brain in complexity and speed, that can acquire, manipulate and reason with general knowledge, and that are usable in essentially any phase of industrial or military operations where a human intelligence would otherwise be needed. Such systems may be modeled on the human brain, but they do not necessarily have to be, and they do not have to be “conscious” or possess any other competence that is not strictly relevant to their application. What matters is that such systems can be used to replace human brains in tasks ranging from organizing and running a mine or a factory to piloting an airplane, analyzing intelligence data or planning a battle.

[–] HK65@sopuli.xyz 1 points 6 days ago

That is true, but it was a term narrowly and incoherently used by scientists. In fact, that one paper used it, and it took ten years for it to be picked up again, again by just a few academic papers. Even the academic community preferred terms like "strong AI" before the current hype.

AGI was not a term that was used to refer to a concept, it had to be explained by each and every article that mentioned it, it was not a general term that had a strict meaning attached to it. It was brought to that level by Google/Deepmind employees two years ago, and then got into the place where every second Medium article is buzzwording around with it when it became a corporate target for OpenAI/Microsoft.

[–] Sonotsugipaa@lemmy.dbzer0.com 36 points 1 week ago (2 children)

In defense of people who say LLMs are not intelligent: they probably mean to say they are not sapient, and I think they're loosely correct if you consider the literal word "intelligent" to have a different meaning from the denotative "Intelligence" in the context of Artificial Intelligence.

[–] ramble81@lemmy.zip 12 points 6 days ago

I remember when “heuristics” were all the rage. Frankly that’s what LLMs are, advanced heuristics. “Intelligence” is nothing more than marketing bingo.

[–] ArgumentativeMonotheist@lemmy.world 22 points 1 week ago* (last edited 1 week ago) (2 children)

'Intelligence' requires understanding, understanding requires awareness. This is not seen in anything called "AI", not today at least, but maybe not ever. Again, why not use a different word, one that actually applies to these advanced calculators? Expecting the best out of humanity, it may be because of the appeal of the added pizzazz and the excitement that comes with it or simple semantic confusion... but seeing the people behind it all, it probably is so the dummies get overly excited and buy stuff/make these bots integral parts of their lives. 🤷

[–] Sonotsugipaa@lemmy.dbzer0.com 11 points 6 days ago (1 children)

The term "Artificial Intelligence" has been around for a long time, 25 years ago AI was an acceptable name for NPC logic in videogames. Arguably that's still the case, and personally I vastly prefer "Artificial Intelligence" to "Broad Simulation Of Common Sense Powered By Von Neumann Machines".

[–] XeroxCool@lemmy.world 14 points 6 days ago (1 children)

The overuse (and overtrust) of LLMs has made me feel ashamed to reference video game NPCs as AI and I hate it. There was nothing wrong with it. We all understood the ability of the AI to be limited to specific functions. I loved when Forza Horizon introduced "drivatar" AI personalities of actual players, resembling their actual activities. Now it's a vomit term for shady search engines and confused visualizers.

[–] Sonotsugipaa@lemmy.dbzer0.com 4 points 6 days ago

I don't share the feeling. I'll gladly tie a M$ shareholder to a chair, force them to watch me play Perfect Dark, and say "man I love these AI settings, I wish they made AI like they used to".

[–] Perspectivist@feddit.uk -4 points 6 days ago (1 children)

“Understanding requires awareness” isn’t some settled fact - it’s just something you’ve asserted. There’s plenty of debate around what understanding even is, especially in AI, and awareness or consciousness is not a prerequisite in most definitions. Systems can model, translate, infer, and apply concepts without being “aware” of anything - just like humans often do things without conscious thought.

You don’t need to be self-aware to understand that a sentence is grammatically incorrect or that one molecule binds better than another. It’s fine to critique the hype around AI - a lot of it is overblown - but slipping in homemade definitions like that just muddies the waters.

[–] ArgumentativeMonotheist@lemmy.world 6 points 6 days ago (2 children)

Do you think "AI" KNOWS/UNDERSTANDS what a grammatically incorrect sentence is or what molecules even are? How?

[–] BB84@mander.xyz -4 points 6 days ago* (last edited 6 days ago)

Do most humans understand what molecules are? How?

Everything I know about molecules I got from textbooks. Am I just regurgitating my "training data" without understanding? How does one really understand molecules?

[–] Perspectivist@feddit.uk -5 points 6 days ago (1 children)

You’re moving the goalposts. First you claimed understanding requires awareness, now you’re asking whether an AI knows what a molecule is - as if that’s even the standard for functional intelligence.

No, AI doesn’t “know” things the way a human does. But it can still reliably identify ungrammatical sentences or predict molecular interactions based on training data. If your definition of “understanding” requires some kind of inner experience or conscious grasp of meaning, then fine. But that’s a philosophical stance, not a technical one.

The point is: you don’t need subjective awareness to model relationships in data and produce useful results. That’s what modern AI does, and that's enough to call it intelligent in the functional sense - whether or not it “knows” anything in the way you'd like it to.

[–] ArgumentativeMonotheist@lemmy.world 8 points 6 days ago (1 children)

Intelligence, as the word has always been used, requires awareness and understanding, not just spitting out data after input, as dynamic and complex the process might be, through a set of rules. AI, as you just described it, does nothing necessarily different from other computational tools: they speed up processes that can be calculated/algorithmically structured. I don't see how that particularly makes "AI" deserving of the adjective 'intelligent', it seems more of a marketing term the same way 'smartphones' were. The disagreement we're having here is semantic...

The funny thing is, is that the goalposts on what is/isn't intelligent has always shifted in the AI world

Being good at chess used to be a symbol of high intelligence. Now? Computer software can beat the best chess players in a fraction of the time used to think, 100% of the time, and we call that just an algorithm

This is not how intelligence has always been used. Moreover, we don't even have a full understand of what intelligence is

And as a final note, human brains are also computational "tools". As far as we can tell, there's nothing fundamentally different between a brain and a theoretical Turing machine

And in a way, isn't what we "spit" out also data? Specifically data in the form of nerve output and all the internal processing that accompanies it?

[–] hendrik@palaver.p3x.de 13 points 1 week ago* (last edited 1 week ago) (1 children)

And "intelligence" itself isn't very well defined either. So the only word that remains is "artificial", and we can agree on that.

I usually try to avoid the word "AI". I'll say "LLM" if I talk about chatbots, ChatGPT etc. Or I use the term "machine learning" when broadly speaking about the concept of computers learning and doing such things. It's not exactly the same thing, though. But when reading other people's texts I always think of LLMs when they say AI, because that's currently what they mean almost every time. And AGI is more sci-fi as of now, so it needs some disclaimers and context anyway.

[–] Perspectivist@feddit.uk 15 points 1 week ago (5 children)

In computer science, the term AI at its simplest just refers to a system capable of performing any cognitive task typically done by humans.

That said, you’re right in the sense that when people say “AI” these days, they almost always mean generative AI - not AI in the broader sense.

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[–] betterdeadthanreddit@lemmy.world 9 points 1 week ago (2 children)

To add to the confusion, you also have people out there thinking it's "Al" or "A1". It's a real mess.

[–] XeroxCool@lemmy.world 3 points 6 days ago (1 children)

Really? Like the steak sauce? I guess I should have seen that coming since the 00s motorcycle communities keep asking about their F1 light. Fuel 1njection

Nobody in a position of any importance, just the US Secretary of Education Linda McMahon.

[–] ArgumentativeMonotheist@lemmy.world 8 points 1 week ago (1 children)

I can't wait to see what A2 can do!

[–] riskable@programming.dev 2 points 6 days ago

We've been waiting for that since 1824!

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